Assessment of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and roots of Phaseolus vulgaris plants under cadmium stress//Evaluación de enzimas antioxidantes en hojas y raíces de plantas Phaseolus vulgaris bajo estrés de cadmio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i2.1252Palabras clave:
cadmium, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, Phaseolus vulgarisResumen
The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of Phaseolus vulgaris plants to oxidative stress by cadmium in leaves and roots at different concentrations (0 (control), 0.25, 0.50 and 1 μM). We assessed oxidative stress by the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as protein content. Likewise, we determined the antioxidant enzymatic activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes. The results demonstrated a decrease in protein content of roots and leaves, starting with the addition of 0.25 μM Cd, but the MDA content and H2O2 levels increased with the addition of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 μM Cd, this due to the formation of reactive oxygen species. The SOD, APX and GPX enzymatic activity increased in roots treated with 0.25 μM Cd, but these enzymes decreased to higher concentrations (0.50 and 1 μM). On the other hand, the activity of CAT increased in leaves exposed to 0.5 and 1 μM of Cd. These results indicate that these antioxidant enzymes can act simultaneously in the elimination of reactive oxygen species.
RESUMEN
El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la respuesta de plantas de Phaseolus vulgaris al estrés oxidativo causado por el cadmio en hojas y raíces en diferentes concentraciones, las cuales fueron 0 (control), 0,25, 0,50 y 1 μM de cadmio. El estrés oxidativo se evaluó mediante el contenido de peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) y malondialdehído (MDA), así como el contenido de proteína. Asimismo, se determinó la actividad enzimática antioxidante de las enzimas superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), ascorbato peroxidasa (APX) y guaiacol peroxidasa (GPX). Los resultados demostraron una disminución en el contenido de proteínas de las raíces y hojas a partir de la concentración 0.25 μM de Cd, pero el contenido de MDA y los niveles de H2O2 aumentaron con la adición de 0.25, 0.50 y 1 μM de Cd, esto debido a la formación de especies reactivas de oxígeno. La actividad enzimática de SOD, APX y GPX aumentaron en las raíces tratadas con 0.25 μM de Cd, pero estas enzimas disminuyeron a concentraciones más altas (0.50 y 1 μM). Por otro lado, la actividad de CAT aumentó en las hojas expuestas a 0.5 y 1 μM de Cd. Estos resultados indican que estas enzimas antioxidantes pueden actuar simultáneamente contra la eliminación de las especies reactivas de oxígeno.
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