Efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto en vacas cárnicas//Effect of restricted suckling and food complementation on weight gains and postpartum anoestrous in beef cows
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i1.1158Palabras clave:
Días abiertos, nutrición, ovulación, amamantamiento restringidoResumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto, en bovinos de carne, para lo cual se utilizaron 120 vacas Simbrah lactantes, distribuidas en cuatro tratamientos: T1) amamantamiento continuo con complementación alimenticia (ACCCA; n=30), T2) amamantamiento restringido sin complementación alimenticia (ARSCA; n=30), T3) amamantamiento restringido con complementación alimenticia (ARCCA, n=30) y T4) amamantamiento continuo sin complementación alimenticia (ACSCA, n=30). Los resultados fueron evaluados mediante análisis de varianza en un arreglo factorial 2x2, Chi-cuadrada y correlación simple. La ganancia de peso (g/día) y peso al estro (kg) en las vacas del T3 fue mayor (0.926 y 551.0) comparado con T1 (0.425 y 535.0), T2 (0.544 y 545.8) y T4 (0.194 y 501.0), respectivamente (P<0.01). El anestro posparto (días) fue menor en T3 (85.5) comparado con T1(185.6), T2 (158.0) y T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). La tasa de gestación (%) fue mayor en T3 (86.6, 26/30) con respecto a T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) y T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P<0.05). Se encontró efecto por tipo de amamantamiento, CA y su interacción. En conclusión, el ARCCA eleva la tasa de preñez y disminuye el anestro posparto en vacas Simbrah en el trópico.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of restricted suckling and nutritional complementation on weight gain and postpartum anestrus, in beef cattle, for which 120 lactating Simbrah cows were used, distributed in four treatments: T1) continuous suckling with food complementation (ACCCA, n=30), T2) restricted suckling without food complementation (ARSCA, n=30), T3) restricted suckling with food complementation (ARCCA, n=30) and T4) continuous suckling without food complementation (ACSCA, n=30). Results were evaluated through analysis of variance in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, Chi-square and simple correlation. Weight gain (g/day) and estrus weight (kg) in T3 cows were higher (0.926 and 551.0) compared to T1 (0.425 and 535.0), T2 (0.544 and 545.8) and T4 (0.194 and 501.0), respectively (P<0.01). Postpartum anestrus (days) was lower in T3 (85.5) compared to T1 (185.6), T2 (158.0) and T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). Pregnancy rate (%) was higher in T3 (86.6, 26/30) with respect to T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) and T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P< 0.05). An effect was found on the type of suckling, CA and their interaction. In conclusion, the ARCCA increases pregnancy rate and decreases postpartum anestrus in Simbrah cows in the tropics.
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