Morfología de nanopartículas de óxido de zinc modifica la germinación y el crecimiento temprano de plántulas de pimiento morrón
Morfología de nanopartículas de óxido de zinc
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i3.1908Palabras clave:
Nanopartículas, morfología, zinc, cebado de semillas, pimientoResumen
En los últimos años, ha aumentado el interés por el uso de nutrientes y bioestimulantes a nanoescala en la agricultura para mejorar la germinación de semillas y la productividad de los cultivos. El cebado de semillas con nanopartículas ha mejorado el crecimiento y la calidad en cultivos de valor agrícola. El siguiente estudio muestra el efecto del cebado de semillas de pimiento morrón RZ F1 (35-71) con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc (ZnO NPs) con diferente morfología: esférica y hexagonal. Las semillas de pimiento fueron cebadas con ZnO NPs a diferentes dosis, 50 y 100 mg L-1. El estudio se llevó a cabo en dos fases. La primera fase consistió en un estudio in vitro en cámara de germinación (28°C), donde se evaluaron variables de crecimiento temprano: porcentaje de germinación, longitud de radícula, plúmula e hipocótilo; mientras que la segunda fase se realizó en condiciones de invernadero, donde se evaluaron variables como altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, peso seco, área foliar, clorofila total y fenoles, a los 45 días de la siembra. El cebado de semillas con NPs de ZnO de diferente morfología mostró una influencia positiva, siendo la dosis de 100 mg L-1 la que dio los mejores resultados para los parámetros de crecimiento temprano, así como para la altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo, el área foliar, la clorofila total y el contenido fenólico. Estos resultados sugieren que las NPs de ZnO pueden considerarse un preparador de semillas prometedor para mejorar la germinación, los parámetros de crecimiento temprano y el contenido de clorofila y fenoles.
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