Evaluación de un medio mínimo a base de nopal para el crecimiento de Lactobacillus spp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2550Palabras clave:
Lactobacillus spp, Nopal silvestre, O. robusta, medio mínimoResumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial del nopal silvestre deshidratado (Opuntia robusta) para el crecimiento de Lactobacillus spp. Se formuló un medio mínimo a base de nopal y peptona (NPM) el cual fue inoculado por separado con las cinco cepas de Lactobacillus. Se realizaron cinéticas en las cuales se determinaron el crecimiento, el consumo de azúcares totales, el comportamiento del pH y la producción de ácido láctico, comparando con el medio de cultivo comercial (MRS). Los resultados muestran que el medio NPM proporciona los sustratos mínimos necesarios para el crecimiento de las cepas evaluadas, siendo L. fermentum 634 la más eficiente, alcanzando una OD630 de 0.7667 ± 0.0527 y 1.0639 ± 0.0616 en NPM y MRS respectivamente. Notablemente, no se observó fase de latencia (λ = 0) en NPM, lo que sugiere una rápida adaptación bacteriana, mientras que en MRS L. fermentum 634 presentó una fase de latencia de 1.137 h. El tiempo de generación en NPM (2.67 h) fue comparable al de MRS (2.31 h), lo que indica una replicación bacteriana eficiente. Estos resultados sugieren que el nopal puede utilizarse como base para la formulación de medios de cultivo, los cuales pueden mejorarse añadiendo sustratos específicos requeridos por las bacterias, con el fin de optimizar procesos de fermentación industrial sostenibles y económicos.
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