La bioestimulación sexual periconcepcional induce concepción anticipada, pero no mejora la fertilidad ni la eficiencia reproductiva en cabras

Juan M. Vázquez-García; Cesar A. Meza-Herrera; Venancio Cuevas-Reyes; Luisa E.S. Hernández-Arteaga; Jaime M. Cavazos-Galindo; Cesar Rosales Nieto

doi:10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2660

Autores/as

Juan M. Vázquez-García Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Universidad Autónoma San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, México.
Cesar A. Meza-Herrera Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-2009
Venancio Cuevas-Reyes Campo Experimental Valle de México. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Texcoco 56250, CDMX, México.
Luisa E.S. Hernández-Arteaga Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Universidad Autónoma San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, México.
Jaime M. Cavazos-Galindo Centro de Fomento Ganadero Vallecillo. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León 65415, México.
Cesar Rosales Nieto Department of Agricultural Sciences. Texas State University, San Marcos, Tx 78666, USA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-338X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2660

Palabras clave:

Efecto Macho, Experimentada, Joven, Alpina, Saanen

Resumen

El efecto macho induce la actividad reproductiva en hembras caprinas, sin embargo, no se sabe si acelera el tiempo de concepción e incrementa la eficiencia reproductiva. En un análisis retrospectivo (2019-2021), se analizaron 415 registros reproductivos de hembras caprinas (Saanen-Alpina) con (n=314;H-CON) o sin (n=101;H-SIN) experiencia sexual para determinar si la bioestimulación sexual periconcepcional promueve una concepción anticipada después de la introducción de machos fértiles, aumenta la proporción de hembras gestantes en el primer ciclo reproductivo, e incrementa la eficiencia reproductiva. Previo al empadre, las hembras fueron (n=292;H-EM) o no (n=123;H-NEM) estimuladas con machos vasectomizados por 21-días y posteriormente empadradas con machos fértiles en monta natural por 42-días. H-NEM y H-SIN (P<0.001) quedaron gestantes más rápidamente (10-días) que H-CON (13-días) o H-EM (16-días). Una alta proporción de H-NEM (95%) o H-EM (72%) anticiparon la concepción a su primer ciclo reproductivo (P<0.001). El peso al inicio del empadre, o experiencia no influyo el ciclo de concepción (P>0.05). La tasa de fertilidad estuvo influenciada por la experiencia sexual (H-CON:96% vs H-SIN:53%) y el peso al inicio del empadre (P<0.001), pero no por la bioestimulación (P>0.05). La tasa reproductiva no estuvo influenciada por la bioestimulación (H-EM:130% vs H-NEM:157%; P<0.05), experiencia sexual (H-CON:157% vs H-SIN:79%), y el peso al inicio del empadre (P<0.001). Se concluye que la experiencia sexual y las hembras más pesadas al momento del empadre fueron más fértiles y prolíficas. La bioestimulación sexual periconcepcional promueve una concepción anticipada.

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