Innovador método de electrohilado/ baño de coagulación para obtener nanofibras entrecruzadas basadas en alginato de calcio y alcohol polivinilo y su evaluación citotóxica in vitro

Tonantzi Pérez Moreno; M. J. Rivas-Arreola; I. Santos-Sauceda; R.Ramirez-Bon Ramirez-Bon; E.A. Elizalde-Peña

doi:10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2641

Autores/as

Tonantzi Pérez Moreno Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Carr. A Chichimequillas S/N, Ejido Bolaños, 76140 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9699-684X
M. J. Rivas-Arreola Departamento de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla, Blvd. Del Niño Poblano 2901, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Centro Comercial Puebla, 72810 San Andrés Cholula, Pue. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-3818
I. Santos-Sauceda Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0675-0765
R. Ramirez-Bon Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Querétaro, Apdo, Postal 1-798, Querétaro, Qro, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-6731
E.A. Elizalde-Peña Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Carr. A Chichimequillas S/N, Ejido Bolaños, 76140 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro., México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2641

Palabras clave:

ingeniería de tejidos, heridas de piel, nanofibras de PVA/alginato, electrohilado coaxial

Resumen

Para la ingeniería de tejidos, es fundamental disponer de un andamio que soporte el crecimiento celular, sea biocompatible, y permita una adecuada perfusión de medios acuosos. A pesar de que el alginato es un polímero aprobado para aplicaciones biomédicas, su procesamiento para obtener membranas a través del electrohilado enfrenta considerables obstáculos. El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener un método eficiente para producir nanofibras entrecruzadas de alginato (NaAlg) y alcohol polivinílico (PVA) utilizando un baño de coagulación con CaCl2 en el proceso de electrohilado con agujas simple (SN) y coaxial (CN). Se estudiaron los efectos de la relación molar para SN, el voltaje y la distancia para CN, identificando condiciones óptimas a 70 % NaAlg for SN, y 15 cm entre la aguja y el colector para CN, ambos sistemas a 0.1 ml/h y 19 kV. Las nanofibras entrecruzadas resultaron en diámetros de 70 ± 17 y 124 ± 20 nm para las SN y CN exhibiendo una morfología bien definida e interconectividad. Se confirmó por FTIR la interacción por carboxilacion con calcio, entre NaAlg y CaCl2. Estudios in vitro de CN NaAlg-PVA utilizando células de fibroblastos JB6 demostraron una tasa de proliferación celular del 124 %, lo que indica un potencial significativo para la aplicación de estas nanofibras en la cicatrización de heridas.

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