Condiciones de maceración y fermentación que incrementan el contenido de etanol en mosto fermentado para whisky de malta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v24i1.1576Palabras clave:
whisky, malta, maceración, fermentación, rendimiento de etanolResumen
El contenido de etanol en mosto fermentado es el parámetro más importante para la producción de whisky en términos de volumen de destilado por unidad de malta. La biosíntesis de etanol durante la fermentación de mosto depende de muchos factores; no obstante, la cantidad inicial de carbohidratos fermentables afecta significativamente el contenido final de etanol en mosto fermentado. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes condiciones de maceración y fermentación sobre el contenido de etanol en mosto fermentado; asimismo, determinar las condiciones que contribuyen en el incremento de este compuesto. Se observó que la maceración isotérmica a 65 °C por 3 h, con una relación malta:agua 1:3, resulta en mostos con mayor contenido de carbohidratos fermentables. Además, se determinó que el mejor rendimiento de etanol se obtiene con fermentadores cerrados a 20 °C en mostos de 12.5 °P. Lo anterior resulta en una eficiencia de 0.34 g de etanol/g de sólidos solubles; además de la reducción significativa de metanol y glicerol.
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