Glazed clay utensils influence on the amount of lead in food, water, and blood in populations of the Sonora River and identification of other poisoning factors
Lead in glazed clay utensils
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2687Keywords:
Glazed clay utensils, Food contamination, Lead, Iron, calciumAbstract
The influence of glazed clay utensils and iron and calcium intakes on the risk of lead poisoning in populations from the Sonora River was evaluated. Lead in clay utensils from 49 households was analyzed, and the amount of lead was measured in food, water, and human blood samples. Iron and calcium intake were assessed, and exposure factors for the prevalence of lead poisoning were evaluated. The study was limited to voluntary participation and information provided through surveys. Lead was present in 80.3% of the utensils that belonged to 80% of households. Average quantities of lead in food was 2.95 mg dL-1, and 21.48 mg dL-1 in blood with no significant difference between users of leaded and lead-free clay utensils. Iron intake was deficient in 82.0 % and calcium intake in 87.7 % of participants, with a weak negative correlation with blood lead levels. Using leaded clay utensils was 1.99 times more likely to have lead-related diseases. There is a risk of lead poisoning when clay utensils are used, which is enhanced by poor intake of iron and calcium. However, the presence of lead was not exclusively from the use of leaded clay, suggesting other sources of lead.
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