External validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis equations for body composition against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Mexican recreational runners

Manuel A Vázquez-Bautista; Alma E Robles-Sardin; Mónica Reséndiz-Sandoval; María Jossé Navarro-Ibarra; Jesús Hernández López; Graciela Caire-Juvera

doi:10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2512

Autores/as

Manuel A Vázquez-Bautista Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6600-136X
Alma E Robles-Sardin Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., 83304, Her-mosillo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-7793
Mónica Reséndiz-Sandoval Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., 83304, Her-mosillo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-338X
María Jossé Navarro-Ibarra Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 21000, Mexicali, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8051-6928
Jesús Hernández López Coordinación de Nutrición https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5131-3600
Graciela Caire-Juvera Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., 83304, Her-mosillo, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1562-795X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2512

Palabras clave:

masa libre de grasa, atleta, grasa corporal, deporte

Resumen

Los profesionales del deporte priorizan la composición corporal (CC) de los atletas por su vínculo con el rendimiento. El análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) estima la CC mediante ecuaciones predictivas, cuya validación es necesaria para determinar su utilidad. El objetivo fue validar externamente cuatro ecuaciones de BIA para estimar la CC en corredores recreativos mexicanos, utilizando la absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA) como método de referencia. En este estudio de validación externa con diseño transversal, 30 corredores recreativos mexicanos (edad 38.0 ± 10.7 años) fueron evaluados mediante DXA y cuatro ecuaciones de BIA. Se aplicó una prueba t pareada para comparar diferencias entre métodos. Se emplearon pruebas de equivalencia, regresión lineal simple y análisis de Bland–Altman para evaluar la concordancia, con un nivel de significancia de p < 0.05. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre DXA y las ecuaciones de Macías et al. (2007) y Lukaski y Bolonchuk (1987), ambas mostraron sesgo no significativo y equivalencia dentro del 5%. Lukaski y Bolonchuk (1987) demostraron ser las más precisas para esta muestra. Estas ecuaciones podrían ser útiles para estimar la CC en corredores recreativos; sin embargo, se recomienda cautela en su uso para seguimiento individual.

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