Efecto de levaduras de origen marino y ulvan en el control poscosecha de Penicillium italicum agente causal del moho azul en limón persa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v23i3.1428Palabras clave:
mecanismos antagónicos, control biológico, frutos, enzimas de defensaResumen
Penicillium italicum es el agente causal del moho azul en los cítricos. Su control es con fungicidas sintéticos, sin embargo, levaduras marinas y ulvan son una alternativa a los agro-productos sintéticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el antagonismo in vitro de levaduras hacia P. italicum y su efecto con ulvan en el control del moho azul en frutos de limón persa. Se evaluó el efecto de ulvan sobre P. italicum y levaduras. Se determinó el antagonismo in vitro por confrontación entre levadura-fitopatógeno y competencia por carbohidratos. Se evaluó la protección de frutos con levaduras y ulvan hacia P. italicum y se determinó severidad e incidencia de la enfermedad y expresión de SOD, POX y CAT. No hubo efecto de ulvan sobre los microorganismos. In vitro las levaduras inhibieron al fitopatógeno. Los carbohidratos disminuyeron con levaduras y P. italicum y se inhibió la germinación de esporas del fitopatógeno. La incidencia de P. italicum en los frutos fue disminuida por levaduras y ulvan. POX, CAT y SOD se incrementó en los frutos con levaduras y ulvan. La aplicación de levaduras marinas más ulvan puede ser una opción en el control del moho azul en frutos de limón persa.
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