Morpho-cultural characterization and genetic and molecular variability of Trichoderma isolates
Variability of Trichoderma isolates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i2.1890Keywords:
morphometric characterization, vegetative compatibility, genetic variabilityAbstract
The objective of this work was to characterize Trichoderma isolates based on morphological and cultural characters, their vegetative compatibility and molecular variability. Morphological descriptions were made from microscopic observations of microcultures, according to Rifai, Gams and Bissett. The vegetative compatibility relationships were macroscopically evaluated, and the type of reaction (compatible or incompatible) was determined. The genetic variability of isolates was determined by using the RAPD technique; with the results generated, a dendrogram was constructed based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and the analyses carried out using FreeTree software. The isolates exhibited similar morphological characteristics, however, they presented differences in the coloration of the colonies and the morphometry of fungal structures. The isolates showed vegetative compatibility with the species Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma atroviride, as among them, which shows the genetic closeness between these genotypes. The eleven RAPD primers generated a total of 92 reproducible bands. Of them, 65 were polymorphic, for 70.7 % polymorphism; only OPH-19 showed 100 % polymorphism. The cluster analysis by UPGMA showed intraspecific variability, forming four groups. Specific individual bands were detected for isolates T.13, T.17, T.75 and T.78, important for designing specific primers for authentication, protection and monitoring in productive systems.
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