Screening local marine habitats suggests a novel strain Bacillus subtilis MZ1 as a potential fatty acid producer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v26i1.2058Keywords:
Bacillus subtilis, fatty acids, gas chromatography, caproic acid, caprylic acid, reverse -oxidationAbstract
Within this academic research article, a bacterium isolated from a marine soil environment near the Mediterranean Sea is observed to possess the potential for producing various fatty acids, particularly n-caproic and oleic acids, as evidenced by FAME profiling. Furthermore, the introduction of glucose into the growth medium enhances the production of caprylic acid rather than caproic acid. The 16S rDNA sequencing suggested that the MZ1 strain belongs to Bacillus subtilis and is closely related to many halophilic species. FAME profiling reveals that the isolated MZ1 is competent in the total production of fatty acids compared to other marine bacterial candidates. Furthermore, the results indicate that MZ1 is efficient in the production of many other fatty acids. This exploration suggests that the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilisMZ1 can be used for the synthesis of fatty acids, which could be valuable for biodiesel production and other applications.
Downloads
References
Atikij, T., Syaputri, Y., Iwahashi, H., Praneenararat, T., Sirisattha, S., Kageyama, H., and Waditee-Sirisattha, R., 2019. Enhanced lipid production and molecular dynamics under salinity stress in green microalga chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137C). Marine Drugs, 17 (8), 1–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md17080484
Aziz, A., Siti-Fairuz, M., Abdullah, M.Z., Ma, N.L., and Marziah, M., 2015. Fatty acid profile of salinity tolerant rice genotypes grown on saline soil. Malaysian Applied Biology, 44 (1), 119–124.
Bisen, P.S., Debnath, M., and Prasad, G.B.K.S., 2012. Microbes: Concepts and Applications. Microbes: Concepts and Applications. Gwalior, India: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118311912
Diomandé, S., Nguyen-The, C., Guinebretière, M.-H., Broussolle, V., and Brillard, J., 2015. Role of fatty acids in Bacillus environmental adaptation. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00813
Downes, F.P. and Ito, K., eds., 2001. Compendium of Methods for The Microbiological Examination of Foods. 4th ed. Compendium of Methods for The Microbiological Examination of Foods. Washington, D.C: American Public Health Association. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/9780875531755
El-Halmouch, Y., 2019. Adaptive changes in saturated fatty acids as a resistant mechanism in salt stress in halomonas alkaliphila YHSA35. Egyptian Journal of Botany, 59 (2), 537–549. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.7553.1282
Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sloane Stanley, G.H., 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. The Journal of biological chemistry, 226, 497–509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5
Gad, A.M., Beltagy, E.A., Abdul-Raouf, U.M., El-Shenawy, M.A., and Abouelkheir, S.S., 2016. Screening of Marine Fatty Acids Producing Bacteria with Antimicrobial Capabilities. Chemistry of Advanced Materials, 1 (2), 41–45.
Hegazy, M., Zhou, P., Wu, G., Taloub, N., Zayed, M., Huang, X., and Huang, Y., 2020. Facile Synthesis of Poly(DMAEMA-co-MPS)-coated Porous Silica Nanocarriers as Dual-targeting Drug Delivery Platform: Experimental and Biological Investigations. Acta Chimica Slovenica, 67 (2), 462–468. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2019.5390
Hoang, D.T., Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A., Minh, B.Q., and Vinh, L.S., 2018. UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35 (2), 518–522. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx281
Hoekman, S.K., Broch, A., Robbins, C., Ceniceros, E., and Natarajan, M., 2012. Review of biodiesel composition, properties, and specifications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16 (1), 143–169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.143
Hosono, K., 1992. Effect of salt stress on lipid composition and membrane fluidity of the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. Journal of General Microbiology, 138, 91–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-138-1-91
Hounslow, E., Kapoore, R., Vaidyanathan, S., Gilmour, D., and Wright, P., 2016. The Search for a Lipid Trigger: The Effect of Salt Stress on the Lipid Profile of the Model Microalgal Species Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for Biofuels Production. Current Biotechnology, 5 (4), 305–313. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/2211550105666160322234434
Janßen, H. and Steinbüchel, A., 2014. Fatty acid synthesis in Escherichia coli and its applications towards the production of fatty acid based biofuels. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7 (1), 7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-7
Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., von Haeseler, A., and Jermiin, L.S., 2017. ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14 (6), 587–589. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
Kan, G., Shi, C., Wang, X., Xie, Q., Wang, M., Wang, X., and Miao, J., 2012. Acclimatory responses to high-salt stress in Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae) from Antarctica. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 31, 116–124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-012-0183-2
Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J., and Yamada, K.D., 2019. MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 20 (4), 1160–1166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
Ke, J., Behal, R.H., Back, S.L., Nikolau, B.J., Wurtele, E.S., and Oliver, D.J., 2000. The role of pyruvate dehydrogenase and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase in fatty acid synthesis in developing Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Physiology, 123 (2), 497–508. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.123.2.497
Kumar, M., Rathour, R., Gupta, J., Pandey, A., Gnansounou, E., and Thakur, I.S., 2020. Bacterial production of fatty acid and biodiesel: opportunity and challenges. In: Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts. Elsevier, 21–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818996-2.00002-8
Lee, H., Kim, J.E., Lee, S., and Lee, C.H., 2018. Potential effects of climate change on dengue transmission dynamics in Korea. PLoS ONE, 13 (6). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199205
Lennen, R.M. and Pfleger, B.F., 2013. Microbial production of fatty acid-derived fuels and chemicals. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 24 (6), 1044–1053. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.02.028
Letunic, I. and Bork, P., 2016. Interactive tree of life (iTOL) v3: an online tool for the display and annotation of phylogenetic and other trees. Nucleic acids research, 44 (W1), W242–W245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw290
de los Santos Villalobos, S., Robles, R.I., Parra Cota, F.I., Larsen, J., Lozano, P., and Tiedje, J.M., 2019. Bacillus cabrialesii sp. nov., an endophytic plant growth promoting bacterium isolated from wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 69 (12), 3939–3945. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.003711
Magdalena, J.A., Ballesteros, M., and González-Fernández, C., 2020. Acidogenesis and chain elongation for bioproduct development. In: J.A. Olivares, D. Puyol, J.A. Melero, and J. Dufour, eds. Wastewater Treatment Residues as Resources for Biorefinery Products and Biofuels. Elsevier Science, 391–414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816204-0.00017-5
De Mendiburu, F. and Simon, R., 2015. Agricolae - Ten years of an open source statistical tool for experiments in breeding, agriculture and biology. PeerJ preprints 3:e1404v1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1404v1
Monteoliva-Sanchez, M., Ramos-Cormenzana, A., and Russell, N.J., 1993. The effect of salinity and compatible solutes on the biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Pseudomonas halosaccharolytica. Journal of General Microbiology, 139, 1877–1884. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-139-8-1877
NCBI Resource Coordinators, 2016. Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Nucleic Acids Research, 44 (Database issue), D7–D19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv1290
Nguyen, L.-T., Schmidt, H.A., von Haeseler, A., and Minh, B.Q., 2015. IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32 (1), 268–274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300
Oliveira, E.M. de, Sales, V.H.G., Andrade, M.S., Zilli, J.É., Borges, W.L., and Souza, T.M. de, 2021. Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria from Amapaense Amazon Soils. International Journal of Microbiology, 2021, 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9959550
Osorio‐González, C.S., Hedge, K., K Brar, S., Kermanshahipour, A., and Avalos‐Ramírez, A., 2019. Challenges in lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass using Rhodosporidium sp.; A look at the role of lignocellulosic inhibitors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 13 (3), 740–759. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1954
R Development Core Team, 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL http://www.R-project.org/. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Rana, Q. ul ain, Laiq Ur Rehman, M., Irfan, M., Ahmed, S., Hasan, F., Shah, A.A., Khan, S., and Badshah, M., 2019. Lipolytic bacterial strains mediated transesterification of non-edible plant oils for generation of high quality biodiesel. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 127 (5), 609–617. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.11.001
Ratledge, C. and Lippmeier, C., 2017. Microbial Production of Fatty Acids. In: Fatty Acids. Elsevier Inc, Illinois, US, 237–278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809521-8.00006-4
El Razak, A.A., Ward, A.C., and Glassey, J., 2014. Screening of Marine Bacterial Producers of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Optimisation of Production. Microbial Ecology, 67 (2), 454–464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0332-y
Reimer, L.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Koblitz, J., Ebeling, C., Podstawka, A., and Overmann, J., 2022. Bac Dive in 2022: the knowledge base for standardized bacterial and archaeal data. Nucleic Acids Research, 50 (D1), D741–D746. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab961
Rogers, S.L. and Burns, R.G., 1994. Changes in aggregate stability, nutrient status, indigenous microbial populations, and seedling emergence, following inoculation of soil with Nostoc muscorum. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 18, 209–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00647668
Rohatgi, A., 2019. WebPlotDigitizer [online]. Available from: https://automeris.io/WebPlotDigitizer [Accessed 20 May 2020].
Romano, R., Raddadi, N., and Fava, F., 2020. Mediterranean Sea bacteria as a potential source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 367 (16), 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnaa132
Ryan, J., Farr, H., Visnovsky, S., Vyssotski, M., and Visnovsky, G., 2010. A rapid method for the isolation of eicosapentaenoic acid-producing marine bacteria. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 82, 49–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2010.04.001
Shaaban, M.T., Abdelhamid, R.M., Zayed, M., and Ali, S.M., 2021. Metagenomics technique as new source for antimicrobial agent production. Eco. Env. & Cons., 27, S204–S209.
Shaaban, M.T., Abdelhamid, R.M., Zayed, M., and Ali, S.M., 2022. Evaluation of a new antimicrobial agent production (RSMM C3) by using metagenomics approaches from Egyptian marine biota. Biotechnology Reports, 34, e00706. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00706
Shaaban, M.T., Zayed, M., and Salama, H.S., 2023. Antibacterial Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Impregnated with Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticle Against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Current Microbiology, 80 (2), 75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03182-7
Shulse, C.N. and Allen, E.E., 2011. Diversity and distribution of microbial long‐chain fatty acid biosynthetic genes in the marine environment. Environmental Microbiology, 13 (3), 684–695. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02373.x
Tilay, A. and Annapure, U., 2012. Novel Simplified and Rapid Method for Screening and Isolation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Producing Marine Bacteria. Biotechnology Research International, 2012:54272, 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/542721
Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P. V, and Reece, J.B., 2017. Campbell biology. 11th ed. New York: Pearson.
Venkata Mohan, S. and Devi, M.P., 2014. Salinity stress induced lipid synthesis to harness biodiesel during dual mode cultivation of mixotrophic microalgae. Bioresource Technology, 165, 288–294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.103
Wang, Y., Hammes, F., Boon, N., and Egli, T., 2007. Quantification of the filterability of freshwater bacteria through 0.45, 0.22, and 0.1 μm pore size filters and shape-dependent enrichment of filterable bacterial communities. Environmental Science and Technology, 41 (20), 7080–7086. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es0707198
Watanabe, K., Ishikawa, C., Yazawa, K., Kondo, K., and Kawaguchi, A., 1996. Fatty acid and lipid composition of an eicosapentaenoic acid-producing marine bacterium. Journal of Marine Biotechnology, 4 (2), 104–112.
Xue, J., Balamurugan, S., Li, D.W., Liu, Y.H., Zeng, H., Wang, L., Yang, W.D., Liu, J.S., and Li, H.Y., 2017. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase as a target for highly efficient fatty acid biosynthesis in microalgae by enhancing NADPH supply. Metabolic Engineering, 41, 212–221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2017.04.008
Zayed, M. and Badawi, M.A., 2020. In-silico evaluation of a new gene from wheat reveals the divergent evolution of the CAP160 homologous genes Into monocots. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 88 (2), 151–163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-019-09920-5
Zayed, M., El-Garawani, I.M., El-Sabbagh, S.M., Amr, B., Alsharif, S.M., Tayel, A.A., AlAjmi, M.F., Ibrahim, H.M.S., Shou, Q., Khalifa, S.A.M., El-Seedi, H.R., and Elfeky, N., 2022. Structural Diversity, LC-MS-MS Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Brevibacillus laterosporus Extract. Metabolites, 12 (11), 1102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111102
Zhang, Z., Schwartz, S., Wagner, L., and Miller, W., 2000. A greedy algorithm for aligning DNA sequences. Journal of Computational Biology, 7 (1–2), 203–214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/10665270050081478
Zhu, M., Yu, L.J., Liu, Z., and Xu, H.B., 2004. Isolating Mortierella alpina strains of high yield of arachidonic acid. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 39, 332–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01581.x
Zhu, X., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Wu, T., Li, X., Li, D., and Tao, Y., 2017. Production of high-concentration n-caproic acid from lactate through fermentation using a newly isolated Ruminococcaceae bacterium CPB6. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 10, 102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0788-y
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The journal Biotecnia is licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license.
_(1)_(1).png){kind=spacer}
_(2).jpg)
