Perfil enterotoxigénico, producción de biopelícula y resistencia antimicrobiana de Bacillus cereus aislado de arroz comercializado al sur de México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v26.2429Palabras clave:
Bacillus cereus, arroz, virulenciaResumen
Bacillus cereus es responsable de intoxicaciones alimentarias a nivel mundial, siendo importante la caracterización de cepas aisladas de alimentos, en este caso, de arroz.
Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el perfil toxigénico, las enzimas líticas, la resistencia antimicrobiana y la producción de biopelículas en cepas de B. cereus aisladas de arroz. El perfil genético de toxinas y los genes relacionados con biopelículas fue determinado por PCR en punto final. La biopelícula fue visualizada mediante tinción con safranina, y la evaluación de enzimas líticas fue realizada en medios de cultivo.
Los psicrófilos fueron monitoreados por el crecimiento de las cepas a temperatura de refrigeración. La técnica de GTG5 se utilizó para determinar la diversidad genética de las cepas, y la resistencia a antimicrobianos fue validada mediante la concentración mínima inhibitoria.
Las cepas de B. cereus s.l. aisladas de arroz contenían los genes de enterotoxinas y genes asociados con la producción de biopelículas. Sin embargo, las cepas no contenían el gen de la cereulida.
La cepa aislada de arroz frito fue la única que contenía el gen de la toxina hbl y el operón eps2. Esta misma cepa no produjo biopelícula, presentó sensibilidad intermedia a eritromicina, fue positiva para amilasa, mostró alta actividad lecitinolítica y creció a temperaturas de refrigeración.
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