TAXONOMIC STATUS AND PHYLOGENY OF THE SAN BERNARDINO SPRING SNAIL POPULATIONS INTO THE GENUS PYRGULOPSIS IN SONORA AND ARIZONA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/bt.v15i1.135Palabras clave:
Mitochondrial COI sequences, Gastropoda, HydrobiidaeResumen
The San Bernardino springsnail (Pyrgulopsis bernardina) inhabits springs in the upper San Bernardino River (SBR) basin in southeastern Arizona and northeastern Sonora. Loss of populations in Arizona associated with habitat degradation has resulted in concern for the continued persistence and viability of the species. Springsnails at the Arroyo San Bernardino (ASB) sub-basin in Sonora are considered P. bernardina but this has not been validated through genetic studies to receive legal protection. The species of Pyrgulopsis detected in the Arroyo Cajon Bonito (ACB) sub-basin in Sonora sites is not known. The goal of this study is to provide genetic information to resource managers to clarify the taxonomic relationships between populations of Pyrgulopsis in the upper SBR basin in Sonora with those historically found at the type locality in Arizona based on cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) gene fragment. COI fragments from the two sub-basins samples in Sonora, confirms that Pyrgulopsis are conspecific with type locality samples from Arizona. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis of all populations, agree with the current systematics of the species. Monophyly of all populations of P. bernardina was observed, and populations within each sub-basin form two monophyletic clades. Conservation planning should recognize the two sub-basins genetic divergence. Within the ASB clade, genetic relationships suggest historical connectivity with the type locality in Arizona.Descargas
Citas
Bremer, K. 1994. Branch support and tree stability. Cladistics 10: 295–304.
Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution. 39, 783–791.
Folmer O., Black M., Hoeh W., Lutz R. and Vrijenhoek R. 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology. 3: 294–299.
Hajibabaei, M., Singer G.A.C., Hebert P.D.N. and Hickey D.A. 2007. DNA barcoding: how it complements taxonomy, molecular phylogenetics and population genetics. Trends in Genetics. 23(4)167-172.
Hershler, R. 1994. A review of the North American freshwater snail genus Pyrgulopsis (Hydrobiidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 554: 1-115.
Hershler, R. and Landye, J.J. 1988. Arizona Hydrobiidae (Prosobrabchia: Rissoacea). Smithsonian Contribution of Zoology. 459: 1-63.
Hurt, C.R. 2004. Genetic divergence, population structure and historical demography of rare springsnails (Pyrgulopsis) in the lower Colorado River basin. Molecular Ecology. 13:1173-1187.
Liu, H. and Hershler, R. 2005. Molecular systematics and radiation of western North American nymphophiline gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 34(2): 284-298.
Malcolm, J.W., Radke, W.R., and Lang, B.K. 2003. San Bernardino springsnail (Pyrgulopsis bernardina) population ecology and habitat needs. Heritage Program, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ.
Nylander, J.A.A. 2004. MrModeltest v2. Program Distributed by the Author. Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University.
Posada, D. and Crandall, K.A. 1998. Modeltest: Testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics. 1: 817-818.
Swoford, D.L. 2002. PAUP* 4.0: Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony and other methods, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Taylor, D.W. 1987. Fresh-water mollusks from New Mexico and vicinity. Bulletin of the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources 116: 1-50.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2008. Pre-proposal notification and information request for the Three Forks springsnail and San Bernardino springsnail. April 4, 2008, AESO/SE, Memorandum, Arizona Ecological Services Field Office, Phoenix, with December 2007 status description attachment.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2009. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Review of native species that are Candidates for listing as endangered or threatened; Annual Notice of Findings on resubmitted petitions; Annual description of progress on listing actions; Proposed Rule. Federal Register 74 (215): 57804-57878.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2010. San Bernardino springsnail Pyrgulopsis bernardina. Species description, updated April 2010. Arizona Ecological Services Field Office, Phoenix.
Varela-Romero, A. and Myers T.L. 2010. Genetic evaluation of springsnails in the San Bernardino River watershed of Sonora, Mexico, in relation to Pyrgulopsis bernardina (Taylor, 1987). Arizona Game and Fish Department Final Report.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
La revista Biotecnia se encuentra bajo la licencia Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
_(2).jpg)
