Potencial de Verrucodesmus verrucosus en la remoción de estructuras de nitrógeno y fósforo de aguas residuales de granjas porcinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v26.2197Palabras clave:
biomasa, eliminación máxima, mixotrófico, aguas residualesResumen
En la presente investigación se evaluó el potencial de biorremediación de la especie de microalga Verrucodesmus verrucosus en aguas residuales de una granja porcina ubicada en Suchiapa, Chiapas, México, como medio de cultivo mixotrófico. La evaluación se realizó durante 40 días, bajo el ciclo 12:12 luz/oscuridad, se evaluaron dos etapas de crecimiento (lechón y engorde) y la mezcla 50:50 de estos, así también al agua residual se le realizaron dos pretratamientos, estos consistieron en un proceso de filtración mediante un filtro de nylon de 15 µm de diámetro y un proceso de esterilización. Se demostró que la especie de microalgas Verrucodesmus verrucosus tiene potencial de biorremediación al crecer en aguas residuales y producir biomasa, demostrando una alta eficiencia en la eliminación de contaminantes. La máxima remoción de la Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO) fue en el tratamiento Ps (lechón estéril) donde se alcanzó la remoción del 96,8 %, mientras que la Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO) tuvo una remoción máxima del 96,7 % en el tratamiento Pf (lechón filtrado). Se demostró la remoción de nitrógeno total, amoniaco y nitrato con un porcentaje de 85.5 %, 74 % y 91 % respectivamente. En cuanto a la remoción máxima de fósforo y fosfato, alcanzan valores de 97.9 % y 82 % respectivamente. Por otro lado, se pudo demostrar la capacidad antagónica de esta microalga con respecto a Escherichia coli, donde se logró el 100 % de eliminación.
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