DETECCIÓN DE TRIATOMINOS (Hemiptera: reduviidae) DOMÉSTICOS, PERIDOMÉSTICOS Y SILVESTRES EN GUAYMAS, SONORA, MÉXICO/ DOMESTIC, PERIDOMESTIC AND WILD TRIATOMINES DETECTION (Hemiptera: reduviidae) IN GUAYMAS, SONORA, MEXICO

Abstract

Se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo y transversal que consistió en ubicar y capturar e identifi car triatominos en ecotopos: doméstico, peridoméstico y silvestre, en la Ciudad de Guaymas, Sonora. En el ambiente doméstico se ubicaron viviendas infestadas con triatominos, los insectos se colectaron en las habitaciones de forma manual, en el ambiente peridoméstico se ubicaron gallineros infestados en las colonias: Cerro Gandareño, Colonia Rastro y Colonia Yucatán y en el ambiente silvestre, se identifi caron nidos de roedores en el monte. En total se colectaron 50 especímenes domésticos, 120 peridomésticos y 64 silvestres. De los 234 insectos, el 1.29% fueron ninfas de segundo estadío, el 11.2% ninfas de tercer estadío, el 18.1% ninfas de cuarto estadío, 51.7% ninfas de quinto estadío, un 7.3% de hembras adultas y 10.3% de machos adultos, no se encontraron huevecillos y especímenes de primer periodo ninfal en las tres poblaciones. Triatoma rubida representó el 94% de insectos encontrado en los tres ecotopos. El 5% correspondió a Triatoma proctata y el 1% correspondió a Triatoma sinaloensis colectado en el ambiente silvestre. La existencia de los focos silvestres de las especies e insectos peridomésticos de Triatoma rubida es de importancia epidemiológica al incorporarse a los ciclos domésticos de Trypanosoma cruzi. ABSTRACT A descriptive and transversal study was realized, were insects where located, captured and identifi ed in domestic, peridomestic and wild ecotopes in Guaymas, Sonora. Infested dwelling places with triatoma insects were located and collected manually. Infested henhouses were located in the following neighborhoods: Cerro Gandareño, Colonia Rastro y Colonia Yucatán in Guaymas, Sonora (peridomestic environment). In the wild environment, rodent’s nests were also located. A total of 50 domestic specimens, 64 wild specimens and 12 peridomestic specimens were collected. From 234 insects, 1.29% were of second stage nymphs, 11.2% of third stage nymphs, 18.1% of fourth stage nymphs, 51.7% were of fi fth stage nymphs, 7.3% were adult females and 10.3% were males. Eggs and fi rst stage nymphs were not found in any of the ecotopes. 94% of the total insects found in the 3 ecotopes were Triatoma rubida. In the wild environment, 5% were Triatoma proctata and 1% Triatoma sinaloensis. The presence of a wild focus of Triatoma rubida and peridomestic insects is epidemiologically speaking important because they can integrate with the domestic cycle of Trypanozoma cruzi.