Biosurfactant activity of two chitinolytic Bacillus subtilis strains and their antagonism against Corynespora cassiicola
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2362Keywords:
Biocontrol, inhibition, detached leaves, surfactin, chitinaseAbstract
Corynespora cassiicola causes losses in tomato production, agrochemicals are used to control it. Rhizobacteria, such as Bacillus spp. they represent an alternative to chemical products. The effect of Bacillus subtilis F8 and K47 against C. cassiicola was evaluated, mycelial and fungal growth was determined and the percentage of inhibition was calculated. Damage by the pathogen was evaluated in detached leaves inoculated with spores or cell-free filtrate. In B. subtilis, the presence of genes for surfactin biosynthesis, its emulsifying capacity and chitinolytic activity were determined. B. subtilis F8 and K47 reduced the mycelial growth of C. cassiicola 5.6 cm and 5.5 cm and the fungal growth by 79.4 % and 75.6 %, with an inhibition percentage of 69.1 % and 72.9 % respectively. On detached leaves, the application of spores or filtrates reduced disease symptoms by up to 63.8 %. Genes related to surfactin biosynthesis were detected in both strains, with an emulsifying capacity of 21.15 and 21.48 % and a chitinolytic activity of 0.165 μM mg-1 and 0.367 μM mg-1 respectively. B subtilis K47 and F8 present promising potential as an alternative in the control of C. cassiicola in tomato crops.
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