Determinantes sociales y ambientales de la fiebre manchada por Rickettsia rickettsii a nivel censal en las ciudades de Hermosillo y Obregón en Sonora, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2262Palabras clave:
Fiebre manchada por Rickettsia rickettsii; análisis espacial; MéxicoResumen
La fiebre manchada por Rickettsia rickettsii (FMRR) es una enfermedad zoonótica transmitida a los humanos por la mordedura de garrapatas duras infectadas de la familia Ixodidae. La incidencia de FMRR en Sonora, México es una de las más altas a nivel nacional, con tasas de letalidad superiores al 30%. Para comprender mejor su distribución espacial en áreas urbanas endémicas de México, exploramos cómo los determinantes físicos y sociales se relacionan con sus patrones geográficos. Describimos la distribución de la incidencia de FMRR a nivel de área censal en dos ciudades de Sonora, México, y examinamos la correlación entre la incidencia acumulada y un índice de marginación social (IMS), así como con la temperatura de la superficie terrestre. En general, se observó una distribución espacial heterogénea de FMRR con puntos calientes dispersos aleatoriamente en ambas ciudades. Además, hubo puntos calientes caracterizados por una alta incidencia de FMRR, un IMS alto y una temperatura de la superficie terrestre superior a 31.6° C. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que el análisis espacial de determinantes físicos y sociales puede utilizarse para identificar zonas críticas de FMRR en áreas urbanas de pequeño tamaño a las que se pueden dirigir medidas específicas de prevención y control.
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