Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity of lignin from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and pecan nut shell (Carya illinoinensis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v24i2.1642Keywords:
Lignin, Organosolv process, Water hyacinth, Pecan nutshell, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activityAbstract
In this work, the potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and pecan nutshell (Carya illinoinensis) as a source of lignin was investigated. The lignin extraction was carried out using an organosolv procedure and was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The antioxidant activity was determined through the stabilization of the free radicals DPPH and ABTS. The results showed higher lignin content and extraction performance in pecan nutshells. The infrared spectrum revealed typical bands of the main functional groups; phenolic –OH groups, C – H3 methyl groups, and O–CH3 methoxyl which are part of the aromatic ring of lignin. The water hyacinth lignin (LLA) showed high resistance to thermal degradation which places it as an interesting component for the development of phenolic resins and flame retardants. The lignin extracted from pecan nutshell (LCN) showed a high percentage of inhibition against DPPH and ABTS radicals when it was solubilized in ethanol, methanol, and in ethanol-methanol mixtures (50:50 v/v). The high antioxidant activity of LCN indicates that this type of lignin may have applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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