Respuesta agronómica y metabolómica de plántulas de melón (Cucumis melo L.) bajo la aplicación de altas concentraciones de ácido indol-3-acético
Respuesta agronómica y metabolómica de plántulas de melón
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i3.1956Palabras clave:
Cucumis melo L., regulador de crecimiento, elicitor, molécula de señalización, toxicidadResumen
El ácido indol-3-acético (AIA) es la principal auxina en las plantas y controla varios procesos fisiológicos y bioquímicos como el alargamiento y la división celular, la diferenciación de tejidos, las respuestas a la luz y la gravedad, y la respuesta al estrés biótico y abiótico. Por tanto, el objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación foliar de altas concentraciones de AIA (0.5, 1, 2 y 3 mM) más un testigo (agua destilada) sobre variables agronómicas y metabolómicas en plántulas de melón. Los resultados indican que para las variables agronómicas, el AIA a una concentración de 0.5 mM mejoró la altura en un 20.98 %, en comparación con el control, y a partir de 1 mM comenzó a disminuir a medida que aumentaba la concentración de AIA. Para la biomasa fresca y seca total, se puede observar que el control y la concentración de 0.5 mM fueron estadísticamente iguales, sin embargo, a partir de 1 mM la biomasa comenzó a disminuir a medida que aumentaba la concentración de AIA. En cuanto a las biomoléculas, se observa un aumento de clorofilas (a, b y total), flavonoides, capacidad antioxidante y proteínas a medida que aumenta la concentración de AIA. Los tratamientos con AIA a 0.5, 1 y 2 mM incrementaron la concentración de carotenoides en 11.76, 11.76 y 8.82 %, respectivamente, en comparación con el control, sin embargo, con la concentración 3 mM comenzaron a disminuir, pero aun así superaron al control. Se concluye que partir de la concentración de 1 mM de AIA comenzaron a disminuir las características agronómicas de las plántulas, por lo tanto, es recomendable que se usen concentraciones por debajo de 0.5 mM de AIA para poder dilucidar cómo funcionan concentraciones inferiores. En cuanto a las variables metabolómicas, aumentaron conforme se elevó la concentración de AIA.
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