Aislamiento e identificación de levaduras de la degradación “Palo podrido” con actividad enzimática celulolítica, xilanolítica y lacasa
Aislamiento e identificación de levaduras
Palabras clave:
Celulasa, Lacasa, Levaduras lignocelulolíticas, Palo podrido, xilanasaResumen
Se aislaron diez levaduras de muestras obtenidas de la degradación de la madera denominada "Palo podrido". Las levaduras fueron aisladas e identificadas a partir de la secuenciación del fragmento ITS. El análisis filogenético identificó tres cepas de basidiomicetos de los géneros Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus y Leucosporidium y siete cepas de ascomicetos de los géneros Candida, Sugiyamaella y Spencermartinsiella. Se realizaron estudios de asimilación de carbohidratos y ninguna de las cepas aisladas pudo asimilar el almidón; todas las cepas asimilarion la glucosa y xilosa. Cryptococcus sp., Rhodotorula sp. y Leucosporidum sp. mostrron metabolismo fermentativo. Rhodotorula sp., Cryptococcus sp., Leucospororidium sp., Candida sp. y Sugiyamaella sp. mostraron actividad tanto celulolítica como xilanolítica en una placa. La actividad enzimática hidrolítica estuvo influenciada por el tipo y la concentración de nitrógeno. Las cepas que mostraron actividad celulolítica y xilanolítica fueron dependientes del tipo y concentración de nitrógeno en el medio de cultivo; sólo Rhodotorula sp. presentaron actividad hidrolítica a tres concentraciones de nitrógeno total (1, 2 y 3 %) y con un solo tipo de fuente de nitrógeno. Por su parte, Cryptococcus sp. fue la única cepa que mostró actividad lacasa en medio suplementado con glicerol como fuente de carbono.
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