Modelización bionómica de poblaciones de peces hiperestables. La pesquería de curvina golfina, Cynoscion othonopterus, como estudio de caso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v26.2065Palabras clave:
hiperestabilidad, Cobb-Douglas, reducción de stock, corvina del golfoResumen
Generalmente se usan captura y esfuerzo para evaluar stocks usando modelos de producción excedente. Sin embargo, la hiperestabilidad resultante de agregaciones de desove (AD) genera retos en muchos recursos pesqueros; entonces se recomienda usar funciones de producción no lineal. Usando datos de 1991 a 2019, desarrollamos un método para evaluar pesquerías de recursos hiperestables, relajando el supuesto de capturabilidad constante y dependencia directa de captura-por-unidad-de-esfuerzo y biomasa. Usamos criterios de información para determinar el mejor modelo usando una función Cobb-Douglas. Ejemplificamos con la pesquería de corvina del golfo (Cynoscion othonopterus), un pez endémico al golfo de California con un sistema de cuotas anuales. Los modelos bionómicos se ajustaron utilizando captura y esfuerzo anuales, tasas de mortalidad natural, biomasa virgen y estructura económica. Ajustando por máxima verosimilitud, el mejor modelo se eligió con el criterio de Akaike. El esfuerzo de pesca actual sobrepasa el óptimo bionómico. Esto aplicar adoptar enfoques precautorios para proteger esta especie endémica y sostener la pesquería.
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