Computational fluid dynamics as a technique for the UV-C light dose determination in horticultural products//Dinámica de fluidos computacional como técnica para la determinación de la dosis de luz UV-C en productos hortofruticolas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i1.1128Palabras clave:
Safety, hormesis, UV-C radiation, simulation, mathematical modelingResumen
Horticultural products disinfection with short wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) depends mainly on dose. This parameter is defined as the product between time and intensity radiation. In general, short doses cause beneficial or hormetic effects, such as decrease of microbial load and fruits and vegetables quality preservation. While UV-C light high doses or long exposure times generate changes in those products, such as enzymatic browning, loss of texture, among others, which cause a decrease in shelf life and functional properties. Therefore, this article presents the most cited techniques to determine doses in horticultural products, some experimental and others that employ microbiology and mathematical knowledge, radiochromic films and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The review highlights that CFD allow the development of simulations in real environments, quickly and economically, including radiation models prone to experimental validation and help to improve the arrengement of horticultural products in the equipment to achieve a uniform irradiation.
ABSTRACT
La desinfección de productos hortofrutícolas con luz ultravioleta de onda corta (UV-C) depende principalmente de la dosis. Este parámetro se define como el producto entre el tiempo e intensidad de radiación. En general, las dosis cortas ocasionan efectos benéficos u horméticos, tales como la disminución de carga microbiana y preservación de la calidad de las frutas y hortalizas durante su vida útil. Mientras que las dosis altas o los largos tiempos de exposición a la luz UV-C generan cambios en dichos productos, tales como el oscurecimiento enzimático, pérdida de textura, entre otros, los cuales provocan una disminución de la vida útil y la pérdida de las propiedades funcionales. Por lo tanto, este artículo presenta las técnicas más citadas para determinar las dosis en productos hortofrutícolas, algunas de carácter experimental y otras que emplean conocimientos de microbiología y matemáticas, películas radiocrómicas y la dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD). La revisión destaca que la CFD permite el desarrollo de simulaciones en entornos reales de forma rápida y económica, comprende modelos de radiación que pueden ser validados de forma experimental y ayuda a mejorar la disposición de los productos hortofrutícolas en el equipo para lograr una irradiación más uniforme.
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