Síntesis de Nanopartículas Metálicas Usando Extractos Naturales de Plantas: Mecanismos de Síntesis y Aplicaciones
Síntesis de Nanopartículas Metálicas Usando Extractos Naturales de Plantas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i3.1916Palabras clave:
Extracto de Plantas, Nanopartículas Metálicas, Mecanismo de Formación, Síntesis VerdeResumen
Las nanopartículas metálicas tienen una amplia gama de aplicaciones en los sectores de la salud, la electrónica, la óptica, el magnetismo, la biorremediación, la química y la ciencia de los materiales. Varios métodos utilizados para producir nanopartículas no son amigables con el medio ambiente, por lo que esta revisión destaca los beneficios del uso de extractos de plantas para preparar nanopartículas metálicas para investigar un método ecológico. Los extractos de plantas contienen metabolitos secundarios, incluyendo flavonoides, alcaloides, terpenoides, compuestos fenólicos, polisacáridos, aminoácidos y proteínas. Los compuestos presentes en los extractos pueden reducir los iones metálicos de sales y permitir la formación de nanopartículas. Se revisaron los fundamentos de la síntesis de nanopartículas in situ, se realizó una lista de varias plantas utilizadas, los mecanismos propuestos para la síntesis de nanopartículas y, finalmente, se abordaron las aplicaciones en varias áreas.
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