Métodos de preparación de nanopartículas de quitosano: una revisión

Autores/as

  • Francisco J. Caro-León Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, MéxicoUniversidad Estatal de Sonora, Av. Ley Federal del Trabajo s/n Col. Apolo, C.P. 83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-1502
  • Luis M. López-Martínez Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n Col. Centro, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, MéxicoUniversidad Estatal de Sonora, Av. Ley Federal del Trabajo s/n Col. Apolo, C.P. 83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1422-8597
  • Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4636-4371
  • Waldo Argüelles-Monal Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera al Varadero Nacional Km. 6.6 Col. Las Playitas, C.P. 85480, Guaymas, Sonora, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8356-1123
  • Francisco M. Goycoolea-Valencia University of Leeds, School of Food Science and Nutrition, LS2 9JT, Woodhouse Ln, Leeds, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7949-5429
  • Elizabeth Carvajal-Millán Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-7457
  • Yolanda L. López-Franco Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3934-4578

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v21i3.1007

Palabras clave:

quitosano, nanopartículas, construcción, deconstrucción

Resumen

El quitosano es un polisacárido natural que ha sido utilizado frecuentemente en el desarrollo de distintos materiales, debido a sus excepcionales propiedades fisicoquímicas y biológicas. Las nanopartículas de quitosano son generalmente producidas por estrategias denominadas de construcción (del inglés “bottom up”), donde el ensamblado polimérico es promovido por distintas interacciones moleculares. Sin embargo, un grupo de estrategias llamadas de deconstrucción (del inglés “top-down”) basadas en la fragmentación de estructuras macroscópicas, han generado un gran interés recientemente como alternativa para la obtención de nanomateriales. El presente trabajo hace una revisión bibliográfica de los resultados obtenidos por distintas investigaciones sobre la producción de sistemas de nanopartículas basadas en quitosano durante las últimas décadas. Las evidencias demostraron que las nanopartículas de quitosano juegan un papel preponderante en la investigación de los nanomateriales poliméricos con aplicaciones biomédicas y farmacéuticas, debido a la gran diversidad de métodos de obtención existentes que determinan las propiedades de los materiales, tales como tamaño de partícula, capacidad de incorporación y liberación de compuestos bioactivos, carga superficial, mucoadhesividad, entre otras.

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2019-07-18

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Caro-León, F. J., López-Martínez, L. M., Lizardi-Mendoza, J., Argüelles-Monal, W., Goycoolea-Valencia, F. M., Carvajal-Millán, E., & López-Franco, Y. L. (2019). Métodos de preparación de nanopartículas de quitosano: una revisión. Biotecnia, 21(3), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v21i3.1007

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