APLICACIÓN DE TRATAMIENTOS TÉRMICOS A FRUTOS DE AGUACATE PARA PROLONGAR SU VIDA DE ANAQUEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18633/bt.v15i3.154Palabras clave:
Aguacate, aire caliente, vapor caliente, agua caliente, luz solar, tratamientos térmicosResumen
Esta revisión resume los avances que han tenido los tratamientos térmicos (TT) utilizados para prolongar la vida útil del aguacate. Las tecnologías que se han venido utilizando a través del tiempo se pueden dividir en aire caliente (AC), vapor caliente (VC), agua caliente (AGC), exposición a luz solar (LS) y radiofrecuencia (RF). Los estudios muestran inconsistencia en sus resultados, debido a que la respuesta fisiológica del fruto de aguacate depende de la variedad, estación del año, lugar de recolección, prácticas de producción y falta de uniformidad en el calentamiento, la exposición o no al sol. Los TT que presentan mejores resultados en mantener la firmeza, retrasar la producción de etileno, disminución de la fuga de electrólitos y menor DF, han sido la LS, AGC y la combinación entre ellos. La exposición a LS induce estrés térmico diurno que aumenta la expresión de las proteínas del choque térmico (HSP17 y HSP70) que pre-condiciona al aguacate a resistir la aplicación de AGC a 50 ºC y el posterior almacenamiento a 0,5 ºC por 28 días.Descargas
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